Changing the wheels on a skateboard is a simple maintenance task that dramatically improves your ride quality and speed. This complete guide shows you exactly how to swap old bearings and wheels in under ten minutes using basic tools.
You will learn expert tips for choosing the right durometer and size for your terrain. We also cover proven methods to avoid common mistakes like over-tightening axle nuts. Keep reading to master this essential skill today.
Best Skateboard Wheels for Smooth Cruising and Tricks
Bones Wheels STF V3 – Best for Street Tricks
The Bones Wheels STF V3 (model 103A, 54mm) are the best option for street skaters who slide and grind. Their patented Slip-Tech Formula reduces flat spots on rough landings. This wheel offers incredible durability without sacrificing speed, making it ideal for technical park skating.
OJ Wheels Super Juice – Best for Rough Terrain
The OJ Wheels Super Juice (model 78A, 60mm) are the recommended choice for cruising over cracks and gravel. Their soft urethane absorbs vibrations for a smooth ride. This is the best overall wheel for commuters who need speed and comfort on city streets.
Spitfire Formula Four – Best for All-Around Performance
The Spitfire Formula Four (model 99A, 53mm) provides the perfect balance of grip and slide control. Their proprietary urethane formula offers consistent performance on ramps and flat ground. This wheel is ideal for skaters who want a reliable, long-lasting option for mixed terrain.
Tools You Need to Change Skateboard Wheels
Before you start, gather the right tools. Using improper tools can strip your hardware or damage your bearings. Here is exactly what you need for a smooth wheel swap.
Essential Tools for the Job
You will need a skate tool or a 1/2-inch socket wrench to remove the axle nuts. Most skate tools include a Phillips head driver for removing the baseplate if needed. A bearing press tool or a flathead screwdriver helps pop out old bearings safely.
- Skate tool: Multi-functional tool for removing nuts and adjusting trucks
- Bearing press: Cleanly pushes bearings in and out without damage
- Speed washers: Small metal rings that reduce friction between wheel and nut
Step-by-Step Wheel Removal Process
First, flip your board upside down and loosen the axle nut on the wheel you want to remove. Use your skate tool to spin the nut off completely, keeping the speed washer safe. Slide the old wheel off the axle, leaving the bearing inside the wheel hub.
If the bearing stays on the axle, gently pry it off using a flathead screwdriver. Work slowly to avoid bending the bearing shield. Never reuse damaged bearings, as they can cause wheel wobble at high speeds.
Installing New Wheels Correctly
Place your new wheel onto the axle, ensuring the bearings are seated flush inside the hub. Add the speed washer and tighten the axle nut until it is snug. Do not overtighten the nut, as this restricts wheel spin and creates drag.
Spin the wheel to check for smooth rotation. A properly installed wheel should spin freely for several seconds. If it stops abruptly, loosen the nut slightly until the friction disappears.
How to Choose the Right Wheel Size and Hardness
Selecting the correct wheel size and hardness is crucial for your skating style. The wrong combination can make your board feel sluggish or unstable. Use this guide to match wheels to your specific terrain and skill level.
Understanding Wheel Durometer (Hardness)
Wheel hardness is measured on the Durometer A scale, ranging from soft (78A) to hard (101A). Softer wheels (78A-87A) absorb vibrations and grip the ground, making them ideal for rough asphalt. Harder wheels (99A-101A) slide easily and are best for smooth skateparks and street tricks.
- 78A-87A (Soft): Best for cruising, commuting, and rough roads
- 88A-97A (Medium): Versatile for parks and street skating
- 99A-101A (Hard): Perfect for technical tricks, slides, and smooth concrete
Matching Wheel Diameter to Your Setup
Wheel diameter is measured in millimeters and affects speed and acceleration. Smaller wheels (50mm-54mm) accelerate quickly and are lighter for flip tricks. Larger wheels (55mm-60mm) maintain higher speeds and roll over cracks more easily.
For street skating, a 52mm to 54mm wheel offers the best balance of control and speed. If you ride ramps or bowls, consider 56mm to 60mm wheels for extra momentum. Always check your deck clearance to avoid wheel bite when turning.
Common Mistakes When Choosing Wheels
Many beginners buy wheels that are too hard for their local pavement, resulting in a harsh, bumpy ride. Others choose wheels that are too large, causing their board to feel heavy and unresponsive. Test different setups at a local skate shop before committing to a purchase.
Remember that wheel bearings also affect performance. Pair high-quality bearings with your new wheels for the best possible ride. A mismatched setup can ruin the feel of even the most expensive wheels.
How to Maintain Skateboard Bearings After a Wheel Change
Changing your wheels is the perfect time to inspect and clean your bearings. Dirty bearings create friction that slows you down and wears out new wheels faster. Proper maintenance extends the life of both your bearings and wheels significantly.
When to Clean or Replace Your Bearings
Spin each wheel and listen for a grinding or rattling noise. If the wheel stops spinning within one second, your bearings likely need cleaning. Replace bearings immediately if you see rust, broken shields, or feel gritty resistance when spinning.
- Clean bearings: Use a bearing cleaning kit or isopropyl alcohol and a sealed container
- Lubricate after cleaning: Apply one drop of speed cream or light machine oil per bearing
- Replace bearings: Every 3-6 months for heavy skaters, or when cleaning no longer helps
Step-by-Step Bearing Cleaning Process
Remove the bearings from your old wheels using a bearing press or screwdriver. Place them in a jar with isopropyl alcohol and shake vigorously for 30 seconds. Let them soak for 10 minutes to dissolve built-up dirt and grime.
Remove the bearings and let them dry completely on a paper towel. Never use compressed air, as it can force dirt deeper into the bearing. Apply lubricant after drying, then spin each bearing by hand to distribute the oil evenly.
Proper Bearing Installation in New Wheels
Press your cleaned or new bearings into the wheel hub using a bearing press tool. Ensure the bearing sits flush with the wheel surface on both sides. Never hammer bearings in with a mallet, as this can warp the race and cause premature failure.
Always install the bearing spacer between the two bearings inside the wheel. This spacer prevents side-loading when you tighten the axle nut. A properly installed bearing setup will spin smoothly and quietly for months.
Troubleshooting Common Wheel and Bearing Problems
Even after a proper installation, you may encounter issues like wheel wobble or weird noises. These problems are usually easy to fix with simple adjustments. Identifying the root cause saves you time and prevents further damage to your setup.
Why Your Wheels Wobble After Installation
Wheel wobble often results from an overtightened axle nut that compresses the bearings unevenly. Loosen the nut by a quarter turn and spin the wheel to check for improvement. If wobbling persists, your bearing spacer may be missing or the wrong size for your wheels.
- Loose axle nut: Tighten gradually until snug, then back off slightly
- Missing spacer: Always install the correct spacer between bearings
- Worn bearings: Replace bearings that have developed lateral play
Fixing Wheels That Don’t Spin Freely
A wheel that stops spinning quickly usually has over-tightened hardware or dirty bearings. First, loosen the axle nut slightly and test the spin again. If the wheel still drags, remove it and check that both bearings are fully seated inside the hub.
Dirt or debris trapped between the bearing and wheel hub can also cause friction. Clean the bearing seats with a dry cloth before reinstalling. Never force a bearing into a tight hub, as this damages both components permanently.
Dealing with Strange Noises While Riding
Clicking sounds often indicate a loose bearing shield or a cracked bearing race. Inspect each bearing carefully by spinning it in your fingers while listening. A grinding noise means the bearings are dry and need immediate lubrication or replacement.
Squeaking noises usually come from the axle nut rubbing against the speed washer. Apply a tiny drop of lubricant to the washer surface to eliminate the squeak. If noises continue after cleaning, replace the affected bearings to protect your new wheels.
Speed Washers and Hardware: Small Parts That Matter
Many skaters overlook the importance of speed washers and axle hardware when changing wheels. These small components play a critical role in wheel performance and longevity. Using the correct parts prevents friction, wobble, and premature bearing wear.
Why Speed Washers Are Essential
Speed washers are thin metal rings placed between the bearing and the axle nut. They reduce friction by preventing the nut from grinding directly against the bearing shield. Always use speed washers on both sides of the wheel for optimal performance.
- Inner speed washer: Sits between the hanger and the inner bearing
- Outer speed washer: Sits between the outer bearing and the axle nut
- Material: Stainless steel washers resist rust better than standard steel
Choosing the Correct Axle Hardware
Axle nuts come in standard 1/2-inch size but vary in material and design. Nylon lock nuts are the most common, as they resist loosening from vibration. Brass or aluminum nuts are lighter but wear out faster than hardened steel options.
Replace axle nuts whenever the nylon insert feels loose or stripped. A worn nut can spin off while riding, causing your wheel to detach suddenly. Inspect your hardware monthly if you skate frequently or in wet conditions.
Common Hardware Mistakes to Avoid
Using mismatched washer sizes can cause bearings to sit crooked inside the wheel hub. Always match the washer diameter to your bearing’s outer race for a flush fit. Never skip washers to save weight, as this accelerates bearing damage significantly.
Over-tightening axle nuts crushes the speed washers and deforms the bearing races. Tighten until the wheel has no side-to-side play but still spins freely. A properly adjusted wheel should have less than 1mm of lateral movement when pushed sideways.
How to Break In New Skateboard Wheels Properly
New wheels often feel slippery or sticky until the urethane surface wears in. A proper break-in period ensures consistent grip and predictable slide behavior. Rushing this process can lead to uneven wear and reduced wheel lifespan.
The First Few Sessions: What to Expect
Fresh wheels have a smooth, shiny surface from the molding process. This outer layer is less grippy than the underlying urethane. Expect reduced traction during your first two to three skate sessions until the surface roughens naturally.
- Session 1: Focus on cruising and carving to wear down the glossy layer
- Session 2: Introduce gentle slides and power slides to build contact patches
- Session 3: Full performance achieved after approximately 4-6 hours of skating
Accelerating the Break-In Process Safely
You can speed up break-in by skating on slightly rough asphalt for 30 minutes. The abrasive surface removes the shiny layer faster than smooth concrete. Avoid aggressive slides during early break-in, as this can flat-spot softer wheels permanently.
Rotate your wheels every two sessions to ensure even wear across all four positions. Front wheels wear differently than back wheels due to turning forces. Regular rotation extends the life of your wheels and maintains consistent performance.
Signs Your Wheels Are Fully Broken In
Fully broken-in wheels develop a matte finish across the entire rolling surface. You will notice smoother, more predictable slides with consistent resistance. Your wheels will feel faster as the contact patch optimizes for your skating style.
If you feel vibration or see flat spots after break-in, your wheels may be too soft for your terrain. Consider switching to a harder durometer for better durability. A properly broken-in wheel should last several months with regular maintenance and rotation.
When to Replace Skateboard Wheels for Optimal Performance
Skateboard wheels wear down over time, affecting your speed, grip, and control. Riding on worn wheels can also damage your bearings and trucks. Knowing the signs of wear helps you replace them at the right time.
Visual Signs of Wheel Wear
The most obvious sign is a flat spot on the rolling surface, which causes a bumpy ride. Check for uneven wear by spinning each wheel and looking for wobbles. Wheels that have worn down to 80% of their original diameter should be replaced immediately.
- Flat spots: Visible flattened areas from hard slides or abrupt stops
- Cone shaping: Uneven wear where one side is narrower than the other
- Cracks or chips: Damage from rough terrain or impact with curbs
Performance Indicators of Worn Wheels
You will notice reduced speed even on smooth surfaces as wheels lose their shape. Slides become unpredictable, either gripping too much or breaking loose unexpectedly. Increased vibration through your deck indicates your wheels are no longer round.
If you find yourself pushing more often to maintain speed, your wheels are likely too small. Worn wheels also make turning feel sluggish and unresponsive. Trust your feel when skating; if something seems off, inspect your wheels closely.
Wheel Rotation Schedule for Longer Life
Rotate your wheels every 10-15 hours of skating to promote even wear. Move front wheels to the back and swap left and right positions. Professional skaters rotate wheels weekly to maximize performance and longevity.
Keep a spare set of wheels in your skate bag for quick swaps at the park. This practice extends the life of both sets by distributing wear evenly. A simple rotation habit can double the lifespan of your skateboard wheels before replacement is necessary.
Conclusion: Master How to Change the Wheels on a Skateboard
Learning how to change the wheels on a skateboard keeps your ride smooth and your performance sharp. With the right tools and techniques, this simple task takes under ten minutes. You now have the knowledge to swap wheels, maintain bearings, and troubleshoot common issues.
Regular maintenance extends the life of your equipment and saves you money over time. Practice these steps until they become second nature. Grab your skate tool and upgrade your setup today for a faster, more responsive ride.
Frequently Asked Questions about Changing Skateboard Wheels
What tools do I need to change skateboard wheels?
You need a skate tool or a 1/2-inch socket wrench to remove the axle nuts. A bearing press tool or flathead screwdriver helps remove and install bearings. Speed washers and replacement axle nuts are also recommended for a complete setup.
Most skaters find a multi-functional skate tool the most convenient option. It combines a socket wrench, Phillips head driver, and hex key in one compact tool. Always keep a spare tool in your skate bag for quick adjustments at the park.
How often should I change my skateboard wheels?
Replace your wheels when they develop flat spots, cracks, or have worn down significantly. Most skaters change wheels every 3 to 6 months with regular use. Aggressive skaters who slide frequently may need replacements every 4 to 8 weeks.
Check your wheels monthly by spinning them and looking for uneven wear. If the diameter has decreased by 20% or more, it is time for new wheels. Regular rotation between sessions extends the lifespan of your wheels considerably.
Can I change skateboard wheels without removing bearings?
Yes, you can swap wheels without removing bearings if you are using the same bearings. Simply loosen the axle nut, slide the old wheel off, and place the new wheel onto the axle. The bearings stay inside the old wheel hub during this process.
However, you must remove bearings if you are cleaning them or installing them into new wheels. Use a bearing press tool for clean removal without damaging the bearing shields. Never pry bearings out with a screwdriver unless absolutely necessary.
How tight should skateboard wheel axle nuts be?
Tighten the axle nut until the wheel has no side-to-side play but spins freely. The wheel should rotate for several seconds when you give it a firm spin. Over-tightening compresses the bearings and creates drag that slows you down.
A good rule is to tighten until snug, then back off by an eighth of a turn. The wheel should have less than 1mm of lateral movement when pushed sideways. Test the spin after every adjustment to find the perfect balance.
What is the difference between soft and hard skateboard wheels?
Soft wheels (78A-87A) absorb vibrations and grip the ground, making them ideal for rough roads. Hard wheels (99A-101A) slide easily and are best for smooth skateparks and technical tricks. Medium wheels (88A-97A) offer a versatile balance for mixed terrain.
Soft wheels provide a smoother ride but wear out faster on rough surfaces. Hard wheels last longer but transmit more vibration through the deck. Choose based on your primary skating environment and personal preference for grip versus slide.
Why do my new skateboard wheels feel slow?
New wheels often feel slow because they have a smooth, shiny surface from manufacturing. This outer layer needs to wear down through several skating sessions. The wheels will gain speed as the surface roughens and the contact patch forms.
Check that your axle nuts are not over-tightened, which causes bearing drag. Also ensure your bearings are clean and properly lubricated for maximum spin. If the problem persists, your wheels may be too soft or large for your skating style.
Can I mix different wheel sizes on my skateboard?
Mixing different wheel sizes is possible but not recommended for most skaters. Uneven wheel sizes cause the board to sit at an angle, affecting balance and turning. The board will feel unstable, especially during slides and landings.
Some advanced skaters use slightly larger wheels in the back for stability in bowls. However, beginners should always use matching wheel sizes on all four positions. Consistent wheel size ensures predictable performance and safer riding overall.
What should I do if my wheel bearings get wet?
Remove the bearings immediately and dry them with a clean, lint-free cloth. Place them in a container with isopropyl alcohol and shake to remove moisture and dirt. Let them dry completely for at least 30 minutes before applying lubricant.
Apply one drop of speed cream or light machine oil to each bearing after drying. Spin each bearing by hand to distribute the lubricant evenly. If rust appears or the bearings feel gritty after cleaning, replace them with new ones immediately.