Choosing the wrong skateboard wheels can ruin your ride. The skateboard wheel hardness scale, measured by a durometer, directly impacts your grip, speed, and comfort. This guide explains exactly how to read those numbers.
We will decode the durometer chart, compare soft versus hard wheels, and provide expert tips for picking the perfect set. Keep reading to master your setup and ride with total confidence.
Best Skateboard Wheels for Every Riding Style
Bones STF V5 Sidecut – Best for Street Skating
These 99A durometer wheels offer the perfect balance of slide and grip for technical street skating. The V5 Sidecut profile reduces weight and prevents wheel bite. Ideal for rails, ledges, and flip tricks.
OJ Super Juice 60mm 78a – Best for Cruising
With a soft 78a durometer, these wheels absorb cracks and rough pavement effortlessly. The wide contact patch provides maximum grip for carving and commuting. Best option for smooth, comfortable rides on any terrain.
Spitfire Formula Four 101a – Best for Park and Bowl
These hard 101a durometer wheels deliver unmatched speed and durability on smooth concrete. The urethane formula maintains consistency even at high speeds. Recommended for vert ramps, bowls, and pool skating.
How to Read the Skateboard Wheel Hardness Scale
The durometer scale measures urethane hardness using the “A” scale. Most skateboard wheels range from 78a (soft) to 101a (hard). Understanding this scale helps you match wheels to your riding surface and style.
What the Numbers Actually Mean
A lower number means a softer, grippier wheel. A higher number means a harder, faster wheel that slides more easily.
- 78a-87a (Soft): Maximum grip and shock absorption. Ideal for rough streets, cracks, and cruising.
- 88a-95a (Medium): Balanced performance for all-around skating. Good for parks and smooth streets.
- 96a-101a (Hard): Maximum speed and slide control. Best for smooth concrete, vert ramps, and street tricks.
Surface Type and Wheel Hardness
Rough asphalt demands soft wheels (78a-87a) to absorb vibration. Smooth skateparks favor hard wheels (99a-101a) for speed and pop.
Mixing surface types? A medium durometer (88a-95a) offers versatility. Many skaters own two sets of wheels for different spots.
Key Takeaway: Lower durometer = more grip, softer ride. Higher durometer = more speed, easier slides. Choose based on your primary terrain.
Durometer vs. Wheel Shape
Hardness is not the only factor. Shape and contact patch also affect how a wheel feels. Wide, square-edged wheels grip more. Narrow, rounded wheels slide easier.
Always consider both durometer and profile when selecting wheels. A hard wheel with a wide patch can still feel grippy.
Choosing the Right Durometer for Your Skate Style
Your skating discipline is the biggest factor in wheel selection. Each style demands a specific skateboard wheel hardness for optimal performance. Here is how to match durometer to your activity.
Street Skating and Technical Tricks
Street skaters need wheels that slide on command but grip when landing tricks. A durometer of 99a to 101a is standard for this discipline.
- Benefits: Easy power slides, consistent pop, and durability against rough ledges.
- Trade-off: Harsh ride on rough pavement between spots.
- Popular size: 52mm to 54mm for lighter, more responsive setups.
Cruising and Long-Distance Riding
Comfort is the priority for cruising. Soft wheels between 78a and 87a absorb cracks, pebbles, and uneven sidewalks.
These wheels offer maximum grip, making them ideal for carving and pushing. The trade-off is slower speed and resistance to slides.
Park, Vert, and Bowl Skating
Smooth concrete ramps demand speed and control. Hard wheels from 99a to 101a provide the least rolling resistance for maximum speed.
These wheels maintain consistency at high speeds and allow controlled slides on coping. Larger diameters (56mm-60mm) help maintain momentum on transitions.
Quick Guide: Street = 99a-101a. Cruising = 78a-87a. Park/Vert = 99a-101a. All-around = 88a-95a. Match your durometer to your main terrain.
Weight and Rider Preference
Heavier riders may prefer a slightly harder wheel to prevent deformation. Lighter riders often choose softer wheels for better grip.
Personal preference plays a huge role. Experiment with different durometers to find your perfect feel.
Durometer Myths and Common Mistakes to Avoid
Many skaters misunderstand the skateboard wheel hardness scale. These myths lead to poor purchases and frustrating rides. Let us clear up the confusion.
Myth: Harder Wheels Are Always Faster
Hard wheels are faster on smooth surfaces, but not on rough terrain. Soft wheels maintain speed better on cracks and pebbles because they absorb vibration.
On rough asphalt, a 78a wheel often rolls faster than a 101a wheel. The hard wheel bounces and loses momentum with every impact.
Mistake: Ignoring Your Local Terrain
Buying wheels based on your favorite pro skater is a common error. They skate perfectly smooth parks, while you might skate cracked streets.
- Check your spots: Rough pavement needs soft wheels (78a-87a).
- Smooth parks: Hard wheels (99a-101a) perform best here.
- Mixed terrain: Medium durometer (88a-95a) offers balance.
Myth: Softer Wheels Are Only for Beginners
This is false. Many experienced skaters use soft wheels for cruising, longboards, and rough streets. Wheel choice is about purpose, not skill level.
Professional longboarders and downhill skaters often use very soft wheels for maximum grip. Do not let stigma dictate your setup.
Key Takeaway: Ignore trends and match your durometer to your actual riding conditions. Testing different wheels is the only way to find your perfect setup.
Mistake: Overlooking Wheel Diameter
Durometer is critical, but wheel size matters too. Larger wheels (56mm+) roll over cracks easier. Smaller wheels (50mm-54mm) are lighter and more responsive.
Combine the right durometer with the appropriate diameter for your style. A 60mm soft wheel is ideal for cruising, while a 52mm hard wheel suits street tricks.
How to Test and Compare Wheel Hardness Yourself
You do not need expensive tools to understand the skateboard wheel durometer. Simple hands-on tests reveal how a wheel will perform. Use these methods before buying your next set.
The Fingernail Test
Press your thumbnail firmly into the wheel’s urethane. A soft wheel (78a-87a) will leave a noticeable indentation. A hard wheel (99a-101a) will resist pressure completely.
- Deep indent: Very soft, maximum grip, ideal for cruising.
- Slight indent: Medium durometer, good all-around performance.
- No indent: Hard wheel, best for slides and smooth parks.
The Drop Test
Drop the wheel from waist height onto a hard surface. Soft wheels produce a dull thud with little bounce. Hard wheels create a sharp click and bounce higher.
This test quickly confirms the durometer range. Combine it with the fingernail test for accurate results.
Reading Manufacturer Labels
Most brands print the durometer directly on the wheel. Look for numbers like 78a, 99a, or 101a on the sidewall.
- Bones: Uses “STF” (Street Tech Formula) or “ATF” (All Terrain Formula).
- Spitfire: Labels durometer clearly with “99a” or “101a” markings.
- OJ: Uses “Hardline” for hard wheels and “Super Juice” for soft.
Pro Tip: Always test wheels in person if possible. Online descriptions do not fully convey the feel of a wheel’s hardness and rebound.
Comparing Wheels Side by Side
Hold two different wheels and press them together. The softer wheel will compress more than the harder one. This reveals the relative hardness difference instantly.
Use this method when choosing between similar durometers. A 99a and 101a wheel feel very different under pressure.
Maintaining Your Wheels for Consistent Durometer Performance
Wheel hardness changes over time with use and exposure. Proper maintenance preserves the skateboard wheel durometer and extends lifespan. Follow these steps to keep your wheels performing like new.
Cleaning and Bearing Care
Dirty bearings create drag that mimics a softer wheel. Clean bearings restore true rolling speed and durometer feel.
- Remove bearings and wipe away debris with a dry cloth.
- Use bearing cleaner or isopropyl alcohol for deep cleaning.
- Re-lubricate with speed cream before reinstalling.
Clean bearings every few weeks for consistent performance. Neglected bearings slow you down regardless of wheel hardness.
Rotating Your Wheels
Wheels wear unevenly due to your pushing foot and turning habits. Rotation evens out wear and maintains predictable durometer feel.
- Swap front and rear wheels every month.
- Flip wheels side to side to balance edge wear.
- Check for flat spots and replace damaged wheels immediately.
Storage and Temperature Effects
Urethane hardens in cold temperatures and softens in heat. Store your board indoors at room temperature for consistent wheel durometer.
- Avoid direct sunlight: UV rays degrade urethane over time.
- Do not leave in a hot car: Extreme heat can warp wheels.
- Cold storage: Wheels feel harder until they warm up.
Key Takeaway: Proper maintenance preserves your wheel’s intended durometer performance. Clean bearings, rotate wheels, and store your board correctly for consistent rides.
When to Replace Your Wheels
Wheels lose their original hardness after extensive use. Replace them when you notice significant flat spots, chunking, or reduced grip.
A worn 99a wheel may feel like a 95a wheel. If your ride quality changes noticeably, it is time for a fresh set.
Skateboard Wheel Hardness Scale: Quick Reference Chart
This skateboard wheel hardness scale chart gives you an instant visual guide. Use it to match durometer numbers to real-world performance and riding style.
| Durometer | Feel | Best For | Surface |
|---|---|---|---|
| 78a – 87a | Soft, grippy | Cruising, longboarding | Rough asphalt, cracks |
| 88a – 95a | Medium, balanced | All-around, transition | Mixed terrain, parks |
| 96a – 101a | Hard, fast | Street, vert, bowl | Smooth concrete, ramps |
How to Use This Chart
Find your primary riding surface in the right column. Then check the recommended durometer range. This removes guesswork from your purchase.
Beginners should start with a medium durometer (88a-95a) for versatility. Advanced skaters can specialize based on their preferred terrain.
Brand-Specific Durometer Notes
Different brands measure hardness slightly differently. A Bones 99a may feel different from a Spitfire 99a due to urethane formulas.
- Bones: Known for consistent durometer across batches.
- Spitfire: Formula Four urethane feels slightly harder than stated.
- OJ: Super Juice line runs true to labeled durometer.
Pro Tip: Read reviews for specific wheel models. Brand reputation and urethane quality matter as much as the durometer number itself.
Quick Decision Framework
Ask yourself three questions: What surface do I skate most? Do I prefer grip or slide? What is my skill level? Your answers will point to the correct durometer range instantly.
Advanced Durometer Concepts: Rebound and Urethane Formula
Durometer alone does not tell the full story. Rebound speed and urethane formula dramatically affect how a wheel performs. Understanding these factors helps you choose like a pro.
What Is Rebound?
Rebound measures how quickly urethane returns to its original shape after compression. High rebound wheels feel lively and responsive. Low rebound wheels feel dead and sluggish.
- High rebound: Better energy return, faster acceleration, smoother ride.
- Low rebound: More grip, less bounce, better for technical slides.
Two wheels with the same durometer can feel completely different due to rebound. Always consider both factors when shopping.
Urethane Formula Variations
Each brand uses a proprietary urethane blend. These formulas affect durability, grip, and slide characteristics.
- Bones STF: Optimized for street skating with high durability.
- Spitfire Formula Four: Known for consistent slide and long life.
- OJ Hardline: Designed for maximum speed on smooth surfaces.
Premium formulas cost more but deliver better performance and longevity. Budget wheels often use lower-quality urethane that wears faster.
Key Takeaway: Durometer is a starting point, not the final answer. Rebound and urethane quality determine real-world performance. Invest in reputable brands for consistent results.
How to Test Rebound
Drop a wheel from shoulder height onto concrete. A high rebound wheel will bounce back noticeably. A low rebound wheel will hit with a dull thud.
Use this test alongside the durometer check. Combine results to understand the wheel’s complete performance profile before buying.
Conclusion: Master the Skateboard Wheel Hardness Scale
Understanding the skateboard wheel hardness scale transforms your riding experience. You now know how durometer affects grip, speed, and comfort on every surface.
Match your wheels to your terrain and style. Test different durometers to find your perfect feel. Never settle for the wrong wheels again.
Ready to upgrade? Use this guide to choose with confidence. Your next set of wheels will unlock your full skating potential.
Frequently Asked Questions about Skateboard Wheel Hardness
What does the “a” mean in skateboard wheel durometer?
The “A” stands for the Shore A durometer scale, which measures hardness for flexible materials like urethane. It is the standard scale used across all skateboard wheel brands.
Higher numbers on the A scale indicate harder wheels. Most skateboard wheels range from 78a (very soft) to 101a (very hard).
What durometer is best for beginners?
Beginners should start with medium durometer wheels between 88a and 95a. This range offers a balanced feel that works on most surfaces.
Medium wheels provide enough grip for learning tricks while allowing slides as skills progress. Upgrade to harder or softer wheels once you identify your preferred terrain.
Are 99a wheels too hard for street skating?
No, 99a wheels are actually the standard for street skating. Most professional street skaters use 99a or 101a wheels for technical tricks.
These wheels slide predictably on ledges and rails while providing enough grip for landing. The trade-off is a rougher ride on cracked pavement between spots.
How do I know if my wheels are too soft or too hard?
If your wheels feel sluggish and resist slides, they are likely too soft for your style. You will struggle to powerslide or control speed on ramps.
If your ride feels jarring and you slip out on corners, your wheels are too hard. Your teeth chatter on rough pavement, and you lack confidence on loose surfaces.
Can I mix different durometer wheels on the same board?
Yes, some skaters mix durometers for specific purposes. Using harder wheels in the back and softer wheels in the front can change turning behavior.
However, this setup feels unpredictable for most riders. Stick to matching durometers for consistent performance and predictable slides.
What is the difference between 99a and 101a wheels?
The two-point difference may seem small, but it is noticeable. A 101a wheel is significantly harder and faster on smooth surfaces than a 99a wheel.
99a wheels offer slightly more grip and a smoother ride. 101a wheels slide more easily and maintain higher speeds on polished concrete ramps.
Do skateboard wheels get harder or softer over time?
Skateboard wheels gradually harden as urethane ages and oxidizes. A wheel that started at 99a may feel like 101a after a year of use.
Proper storage in a cool, dark place slows this process. Direct sunlight and extreme temperatures accelerate hardening significantly.
What durometer should I use for cruising on rough streets?
For rough streets, choose wheels between 78a and 87a. These soft wheels absorb cracks, pebbles, and uneven pavement with ease.
Brands like OJ Super Juice and Bones ATF excel in this range. Pair them with larger diameters (58mm-60mm) for the smoothest cruising experience possible.
Why do my new wheels feel different than expected?
New wheels often feel different due to urethane break-in periods. Most wheels require 2-3 sessions to reach their true durometer feel.
Temperature also affects perception. Cold wheels feel harder, while warm wheels feel softer. Ride for 15 minutes before judging your new wheels.
How does wheel hardness affect speed?
Hard wheels are faster on smooth surfaces due to lower rolling resistance. Softer wheels lose less speed on rough terrain because they absorb vibration.
On rough asphalt, a 78a wheel often outrolls a 101a wheel. Always consider your surface when prioritizing speed over other factors.